Tips for Managing Trichocereus in Large Plantations

The genus Trichocereus, native to South America (with notable species such as Trichocereus pachanoi or San Pedro), has established itself as one of the best options for ornamental and large-scale productive cultivation due to its adaptability, rapid growth, and natural resistance. Cultivating Trichocereus at an industrial level requires specific knowledge to maximize productivity, quality, and sustainability of the crop. Here are the best tips to achieve this:

1. Site Selection and Soil Preparation for Trichocereus

Climate and Light Requirements

• Optimal climate: temperate or warm, tolerates brief temperature drops (down to -5°C in mature specimens), but requires protection from prolonged frost.
• Sun exposure: they need between 6 and 8 hours of direct light per day. In excessively hot climates, partial shade during the most intense hours can be beneficial.

Soil

• Recommended texture: sandy or sandy-loam soils, very well drained.
• Ideal pH: between 6 and 7.
• Preparation: incorporate gravel or coarse sand in the furrows to improve drainage, and prepare raised beds if there is a risk of flooding.
• Avoid compaction: aeration is crucial; subsoiling before planting if necessary.

2. Propagation and Planting of Trichocereus in Large Crops

Propagation

• The most efficient method for extensive plantations is the use of cuttings. Allow wounds to heal for 5–10 days before planting to prevent fungal infections.
• Propagation by seed is reserved for obtaining new genetic lines or germplasm banks.

Density and Planting Frame

• Recommended: 1 to 2 meters between plants and rows. Consider the adult size, harvesting needs, and space for machinery or personnel movement.

3. Irrigation and Water Management in Trichocereus Plantations

• They are very drought-resistant, but in large plantations controlled irrigation significantly improves growth.
• Spring-summer (growth period): irrigation every 10–15 days, depending on climate and soil type.
• Autumn-winter: reduce frequency to a minimum (only to avoid extreme dehydration).
• It is essential to install drip irrigation systems for water efficiency and to avoid waterlogging.
• Excess moisture is the main health risk, leading to root rot.

4. Fertilization and Amendments for Trichocereus Cultivation

• Use balanced fertilizers, low in nitrogen and rich in potassium and micronutrients.
• Apply every 4–6 weeks in spring and summer.
• Incorporate compost or mature organic matter once a year, avoiding excess that may retain too much moisture.

5. Pest and Disease Control in Trichocereus

• Relatively resistant; however, they can be affected by:
• Mealybugs, mites, and aphids on shoots and flowers.
• Fungi: especially root and basal rot. Prevent by ensuring aerated soils, avoiding wounds, and making clean cuts.
• Control strategies:
• Maintain good drainage.
• Use natural enemies or ecological treatments (potassium soap, vegetable oils).
• Regularly monitor for signs of stress or disease.

6. Pruning and Structural Management in Trichocereus Plantations

• Pruning is used to:
• Limit height and stimulate branching.
• Remove diseased parts.
• Obtain cuttings for plantation expansion.
• Always make clean and disinfected cuts.

7. Harvesting and Processing of Trichocereus

• Stems are ready from 3–5 years (depending on the purpose: ornamental, medicinal, reproductive).
• Cutting should leave enough portion for regeneration, and healthy residues can be replanted.

8. Genetic Conservation and Sustainability in Trichocereus Cultivation

• Occasionally renew plant material with seeds to ensure genetic diversity.
• Implement plot rotation and monitor the appearance of pests or fungi.

9. Legal and Commercial Aspects of Trichocereus Cultivation

• In some countries, the cultivation and commercialization of Trichocereus is regulated, especially due to its ethnobotanical uses or mescaline content.
• Check local legislation before starting large-scale plantations.

Conclusion on Managing Large Trichocereus Plantations

Long-term success in large Trichocereus plantations depends on proper site selection, water-agricultural management, health monitoring, and compliance with regulations. Implementing sustainable techniques and constant vigilance allows optimizing production and quality, positioning your project as a leader in the sector.

Do you have experiences or questions about managing Trichocereus in plantations? Leave us your comments and join the largest community of expert cactus growers!